What is the primary cause of a bounce landing error?

A bounce landing error primarily occurs when the aircraft touches down too firmly or hard upon landing. This firm touchdown results in the aircraft making contact with the runway at an excessive angle of attack or speed, causing it to bounce back into the air instead of settling down on the runway.

To achieve a successful landing, the pilot must manage the aircraft's descent rate and ensure a smooth touchdown. If the landing is excessively firm, the aircraft's momentum can force it off the surface, which is particularly critical in training scenarios where precision and control are emphasized.

While excessive speed on approach, inadequate flap settings, and improper engine throttling can contribute to landing challenges or affect the overall landing dynamics, the specific issue of bouncing is most directly linked to how hard the aircraft lands. Hence, the focus on the firmness of the touchdown aligns with the mechanics behind a bounce landing error.