What is a consequence of a late or rapid flare landing error?

A late or rapid flare during landing can lead to a firm touchdown due to higher than normal descent rates or insufficient time to complete the flare. When the flare maneuver is executed too late, the aircraft continues to descend at a steeper angle instead of transitioning smoothly to a level attitude just above the runway. This can result in a higher impact force when the aircraft makes contact with the ground, potentially leading to structural stress on the landing gear or even passenger discomfort.

If the flare is conducted rapidly, it may restrict the pilot's ability to control the descent rate adequately. The last moments before touchdown are crucial for controlling the aircraft's vertical speed. A rapid flare does not allow enough time for the aircraft to settle into a proper landing attitude, thus producing a firmer landing than intended. Proper timing and smooth execution of the flare are essential for achieving a soft landing. Consequently, understanding the dynamics of the flare phase and its timing is vital for successful landing techniques.