What causes a late or rapid flare landing error?

A late or rapid flare landing error often arises from misjudging the altitude or experiencing a higher than expected descent rate. During the final approach, if a pilot misjudges their altitude, they may initiate the flare at the wrong moment. A higher descent rate can further complicate this scenario, as it reduces the time available to execute the flare properly. When either of these factors is present, it can lead to either a late flare, where the pilot attempts to lift the nose of the aircraft too close to the ground, or a rapid flare that may not allow for adequate reduction in speed and descent rate for a smooth touchdown.

In contrast, improper airspeed management before landing tends to affect the overall approach stability but isn't the direct cause of a late or rapid flare. A lower than expected descent rate may lead to a situation where the pilot feels they have more time to execute the flare, while excessive airspeed during the flare can result in a different set of landing complications, typically characterized by a harder landing rather than a late or rapid flare.