What are the three phases that make up landing?

The three phases that make up landing are landing transition, flare and touchdown, and landing roll. This sequence is essential for safely bringing an aircraft down to the surface.

During the landing transition phase, pilots prepare for descent by configuring the aircraft, which includes lowering the landing gear and adjusting the flaps. This preparation sets the stage for a controlled approach.

The flare and touchdown phase involves the pilot gently raising the nose of the aircraft just before touching down, allowing for a smooth landing on the runway. This technique helps to reduce the rate of descent and minimize the impact of touchdown.

Finally, the landing roll phase occurs after touchdown, where the aircraft decelerates on the runway and transitions to a taxiing speed. This phase is crucial for ensuring that the aircraft comes to a complete stop safely and can maneuver off the runway as needed.

Other options do not encompass these specific phases associated with the landing process. For instance, takeoff and climb are separate phases of flight that occur before landing, while cruise, approach, and taxi also represent distinct portions of a flight but fail to directly address the landing sequence itself.