Does Threat and Error Management (TEM) include considerations for human performance?

Threat and Error Management (TEM) is a comprehensive approach in aviation that recognizes the critical role human performance plays in maintaining safety and effectiveness during flight operations. The correct answer emphasizes that TEM actively incorporates human factors, understanding that human behavior, decision-making, and situational awareness are essential components in managing both threats and errors.

In the context of TEM, human performance is considered through various aspects, including cognitive load, stress management, and communication dynamics. Acknowledging these factors helps in developing strategies to mitigate risks and enhance safety. This understanding is vital, as pilots and crew members must be equipped to recognize and respond to potential threats, as well as manage their own performance levels, ensuring they maintain optimal operational effectiveness.

The other options suggest varying degrees of detachment from human elements, such as focusing solely on technology or excluding human factors altogether, which does not align with the TEM framework's holistic approach to safety. In fact, effective training and operational procedures often revolve around improving interpersonal communication and coping mechanisms that stem from understanding human performance in the cockpit.